Anti Selart (Estonia, University of Tartu, Institute of History and Archaeology) is conducting a case study regarding the perception of the German past in East-Central and Eastern Europe. The social structure of medieval Livonia (modern Estonia and Latvia) consisted of a dominantly German-speaking elite of immigrant background and the majority of peasants and urban commoners of dominantly native origin. The Estonian and Latvian modern nations emerged in the 19th century in conflict with the Baltic German minority, which dominated the politics and economy of the country. The creation of Estonian and Latvian independent republics in 1918 lost the Baltic German group their privileges and following the Hitler-Stalin Pact in 1939 they almost entirely left their homeland and settled in Germany and then occupied Poland. This specific situation strongly influenced the perception of the country’s medieval past in Estonian and Latvian culture and historiography. The Middle Ages has been perceived as a period of foreign rule and “national” suppression. The process of rethinking the medieval Baltic past in Estonian cultural discourse and history-writing has been partially discovered regarding the art history. The research of the process of “domesticating” the Livonian Middle Ages and overcoming the German-Estonian national conflict is still a research lacuna. The project mainly implements discourse analysis based on touristic texts, research texts as well on belles-lettres and journalistic texts.